How do Whales Eat?

What you would eat if you lived in the ocean? If you said fish and squid, you’d be right.

But there’s a second correct answer – some whales eat ocean creatures called plankton that are so small they are hard for us to see.

Now think about how whales eat fish and squid. That’s easy – pretty much the way you eat your dinner, by using your teeth.

But what about catching and eating the tiny creatures? Teeth are not much help. And yet, these huge creatures thrive on this diet. They have figured out a different way to eat.

These whales are known as “baleen whales.” Look closely. They don’t have teeth. Instead, they have baleen plates hanging from their upper jaw. Baleen is made of a substance similar to your fingernails with a row of fringe along one side.

Baleen whales swim through the water with their mouth open, taking in large volumes of water that contain the tiny ocean creatures. The fringed baleen then acts as a sieve – the whales squeeze the water out through the baleen, leaving their food caught on the baleen. Then they use their tongue to wipe the baleen clean before swallowing their food.

In the northeast U.S., the common toothed whales are pilot whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Common baleen whales are humpbacks, minkes, and right whales.

18 Comments

  1. brian good on September 5, 2010 at 7:48 am

    tnx it helped my assignment



  2. buloo the bear on November 17, 2013 at 11:23 pm

    i like baleen whales 🙂



  3. Lorena Martinez on December 3, 2013 at 8:43 pm

    Thank you, this website helped me on my project. Thnx!!!!!!!!!!! 🙂



  4. johnny on January 8, 2014 at 7:52 am

    it helpd me a bite



  5. Baleen whale diet on May 7, 2015 at 12:47 pm

    […] Apr 19, 2009 … But there's a second correct answer – some whales eat ocean … Baleen whales swim through the water with their mouth open, taking in large … [more] […]



  6. Johnson johnson on November 28, 2016 at 1:48 am

    Do whales eat sea turtles



    • Kathy Zagzebski on December 18, 2016 at 12:05 am

      In general, whales do not eat sea turtles. I suppose it is a possibility when turtles are young and small that a dolphin, orca, or other toothed whale might try to eat a turtle if it happens upon it. Turtles are not, however, the usual prey of whales. Thanks for your question.



  7. […] Baleen whales have an extremely effect method in catching the krill with their baleen plates playing an important of this technique. Baleen whales swim through the water with their mouths open taking in a large mouthful of sea […]



  8. Joseph (age 5) on March 29, 2017 at 3:18 am

    How do whales detect plankton when they are so small?



    • Kathy Zagzebski on April 3, 2017 at 10:15 am

      Hi Joseph.
      Baleen whales detect large patches of zooplankton through sound, scent, vision, water vibrations. Thanks for your question!
      Kathy



  9. Douglas House on October 17, 2017 at 1:45 pm

    I am curious about the whole feeding cycle for whales with baleen.
    Step one. The whale blows out air & breathes in air & dives. Senses food& gulps water & food then sqeezes the water out & using its tongue, swallow the food.
    Is the cycle completed while deep in the ocean; does does it repeat on a single breath?



  10. Rosa on May 15, 2018 at 4:22 pm

    How do the baleen whales squeeze the water out of their mouth?



  11. Kathy Zagzebski on May 22, 2018 at 3:39 pm

    Hi Rosa.
    Whales use their tongue to push the water out of their mouth through the baleen. Any food in the water, such as small fish and zooplankton, is caught by the baleen. Once the water is gone, the whale can swallow the food.
    Thanks for your question!
    Kathy



  12. Farhan on June 12, 2018 at 2:49 pm

    Is there air in a whale’s mouth or in its belly



  13. Re Act on October 22, 2019 at 8:48 am

    How many Baleen whales are there?



    • Kathy Zagzebski on October 22, 2019 at 1:34 pm

      Hello and thanks for your question.

      There are 15 species of baleen whales currently recognized. They include Bowhead Whales, North Atlantic Right Whales, North Pacific Right Whales, Southern Right Whales, Gray Whales, Common Minke Whales, Southern Minke Whales, Blue Whales, Sei Whales, Omura’s Whales, Eden’s Whales, Brude’s Whales, Humpback Whales, Fin Whales, Gray Whales, and Pygmy Right Whales.

      The Omura’s Whale was only recently described as a new, distinct species in 2003!



  14. djamila_st on November 27, 2019 at 5:40 am

    this is a fantastic blog article.



  15. Joe Dell on April 21, 2020 at 12:00 pm

    whales are so big!